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(c) Documentation of completed training shall be on file at the wilderness therapeutic camp and shall be reviewed at the time of licensing/relicensing. (d) Prior to working with children, staff must have undergone a general orientation of the wilderness therapeutic camp. (e) A wilderness therapeutic camp shall require at least one staff member present in each camp site to be certified in standard first aid and cardiopulmonary resuscitation. (f) Standard first aid and cardiopulmonary resuscitation training shall be completed in person. Training shall not be completed online. (g) At least one staff person who escorts children on expeditions off site shall be trained in wilderness first aid by someone certified in wilderness first aid. (h) Within the first year of employment, staff must have fourteen (14) hours of training (not including first aid and cardiopulmonary resuscitation). Training topics shall include but not be limited to: skill training in specific methods employed by the program, crisis management protocol, significance and value of birth and extended family, identifying and reporting child abuse and neglect, role of all staff as mandated reporters, basic communication, interviewing skills, HIV/AIDS, information relating to transmission and prevention of infection, group dynamics, fire life safety, water safety, history and development of the service being provided (from the wilderness therapeutic camp) and its current status, grief and loss issues for children in care, low impact wilderness expedition and environmental conservation skills and procedures, navigational skills, including map and compass use and contour and celestial navigation, local environmental precautions, including terrain, weather, insects, and poisonous plants, specific organizational policies and procedures, supervision and teaching skills, prudent parenting and other education and/or training required by the state. (i) Training topics for annual continuing education (14 hours of training) may include but not be limited to: working with children who may have emotional, behavioral, or physical problems, developmental delays, treatment care specific to the needs of the population served, individualized education and development plans, developmental needs of children, discipline, de-escalation and behavior management techniques, and suicide prevention. (j) Training shall be completed by qualified staff on-site or may include off-site training opportunities, conferences, etc. (k) The initial staff training must be completed and documented before the staff person may be included in the staff to child ratio. (8) Volunteers. (a) If volunteers are used as part of a wilderness therapeutic camp’s program of services, the wilderness therapeutic camp shall have written policies to screen, select and supervise volunteers. (b) Those volunteers who have opportunity for unsupervised contact with children shall supply a written application and have an interview with the staff who is responsible for the supervision of volunteers before volunteering. These volunteers must provide documentation that they are free from communicable or contagious diseases and shall submit to background check procedures as outlined in Section C(12). (c) Volunteers shall be provided an orientation that includes a review of the wilderness therapeutic camp’s program, policies and procedures, review of the duties of the volunteer, and a tour of the wilderness structures and/or physical facilities. (d) Volunteers shall not substitute for staff and there must be a defined line of supervision with clear written expectations of the supervisor and volunteer. (e) Volunteers shall be invited to participate in annual training required of other child care staff. (f) Individuals or groups who offer to provide a one time or occasional voluntary service (parties, trainings, entertainment, etc.) and do not have unsupervised access to children, are not required to undergo a full background screening by the wilderness therapeutic camp. At least one wilderness therapeutic camp staff person must supervise the interaction between such individuals or groups and the children being supervised by the wilderness therapeutic camp.