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2. Instructional certificate programs These programs are generally programs designed to upgrade job related skills. These programs generally require about one year to complete and, compared to associate degree programs, involve far less, if any, academic courses. However, certificates can be of varied duration and can be earned for quite diverse activities. Examples range from a floral arranging program lasting only a few weeks to a two-year certificate program in airframe and power plant. Like associate degree programs, these certificates are awarded by institutions based on credits accumulated.

3. Industry skill certifications These programs are industry-developed certificates for students who demonstrate specific skills, often through a test. Preparation for these tests includes self-study and courses offered at postsecondary institutions and other training providers.

4. Noncredit course work This course is designed to accommodate those who want specific job-related skills. For example, this could include: Introduction to Windows 98 (3 hours), Introduction to Fiber Optics (20 hours), Catering and Food Preparation (96 hours), and Real Estate License Exam Preparation (20 hours). The amount of time to complete the coursework for a specific skill can vary significantly and can consist of stand-alone courses or sequenced courses in a non-degree-granting program.

5. Illustrative Offerings of Vocational Associate and Certificate Programs

Associate in Science Vocational Certificate Accounting Airframe and Power Mechanics Architectural Design Auto Collision Repair Automotive Service Management Automotive Machine Shop Aviation Operations Automotive Service Technician Building Construction Technology Barbering Business Administration Brick Masonry Business Marketing Management Carpentry Civil Engineering Technology Child Care Center Operator Computer Engineering Corrections Officer Criminal Justice Technology Cosmetology Culinary Management Credit Union Service Marketing Dental Hygiene Dental Assisting Drafting and Design Electricity Early Childhood Management Facials Specialty Electronic Technology Massage Therapy Graphic Design Technology Medical Secretary Interior Design Nails Specialty Legal Assisting Network Support Services Medical Laboratory Technician Office Systems Specialist Nursing, Registered Nurse (RN) Paramedic Radiography Plumbing Respiratory Care Practical Nursing

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